卡里佐枳橙在中国的生产适应性调查与比较研究

卡里佐枳橙是重要的柑橘砧木,在世界范围内广泛应用。20世纪90年代作为一种新砧木被引进我国并在部分地区用于柑橘生产。为了全面了解卡里佐枳橙在我国的生产表现,本研究采用田间观察和问询相结合的方法在全国6个柑橘主产省16个区（县）30多个果园开展了嫁接亲和性、早结丰产性、抗逆性等方面的调查。在重庆和广西两个不同的生态类型共三个试验点、分别对嫁接在卡里佐枳橙和枳砧上的梁平柚和纽荷尔脐橙等两个不同接穗品种开展了连续三年在树体、产量、结果效率和果实品质等园艺学性状方面的系统比较。结果显示,总体上讲卡里佐枳橙的嫁接亲和性较好,但与红江橙和无籽柠檬嫁接后表现出明显的不亲和;早结丰产性好,树势旺,结果效率不如枳砧高;果实品质优良,与枳砧相比无显著性差异。在抗逆性方面,卡里佐枳橙对裂皮病、天牛比较敏感,对碱性土壤比较敏感,容易导致叶片缺铁黄化。本研究将对我国柑橘砧木的选择以及以卡里佐枳橙砧果园的田间管理提供参考和指导。     

NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYLOGENY AND SPECIATION OF KUMQUAT (FORTUNELLA SPP.) BASED ON CHLOROPLAST SNP,NUCLEAR SSR AND WHOLE-GENOME SEQUENCING

● Fortunella genus consists of two populations: cultivated kumquat and wild Hong Kong kumquat. ● Artificial selection might involve in the origin of cultivated Fortunella species. ● A hypothesis for the differentiation and speciation of Fortunella species is proposed. Kumquat (Fortunella spp.) is a fruit and ornamental crop worldwide due to the palatable taste and high ornamental value of its fruit. Although Fortunella is classified into the economically important true citrus fruit tree group together with Citrus and Poncirus, few studies have been focused on its evolutionary scenario. In this study, analysis of five chloroplast loci and 47 nuclear microsatellites (nSSR) loci from 38 kumquat and 10 citrus accessions revealed the independent phylogeny of Fortunella among citrus taxa, and that Fortunella mainly comprises two populations: CUL, cultivated Fortunella spp. (F. margarita, F. crassifolia and F. japonica); and HK, wild Hong Kong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii). Genomic analysis based on whole-genome SNPs indicated that the allele frequency of both pupations deviated from the neutral selection model, suggesting directional selection was a force driving their evolutions. CUL exhibited lower genomic diversity and higher linkage strength than HK, suggesting artificial selection involved in its origin. A high level of genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.364) was detected and obviously asynchronous demographic changes were observed between CUL and HK. Based on these results, a new hypothesis for the speciation of Fortunella is proposed.     

广西葡萄良种脱毒研究进展

建立葡萄脱毒技术并繁育和推广葡萄良种脱毒苗木,对于广西葡萄产业的健康可持续发展极为重要。本研究团队在广西最先开展了葡萄脱毒技术研究。目前已建立了10种葡萄主要病毒的RT-PCR检测方法,并建立了热处理结合茎尖培养的葡萄脱毒技术,且已成功对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄、‘夏黑’葡萄和‘巨峰’葡萄三个优良品种的带毒单株进行了脱毒。研究成果有助于进一步推动广西葡萄产业的健康可持续发展。     

Antifungal activities and the mechanisms of biocontrol agent WE-3 against postharvest sour rot in citrus

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Sour rot caused by Geotrichum citri-aurantii is a serious postharvest disease of citrus that can result in devastating economic losses. In this study, a new...     

桂北柑橘产区斜纹夜蛾对毒死蜱的抗性检测

研究斜纹夜蛾对有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱抗性大小结果表明,检测的桂北两地果园靶标昆虫对毒死蜱的抗性并没有有效的形成,与室内培育的敏感体系基本一致;在室内通过5代汰选之后抗性水平由1.2806上升到4.1063。     

基于SRAP分子标记的11份柑橘种质材料遗传多样性分析

为分析11份柑橘种质材料的遗传多样性,本研究以7份沙糖橘种质以及4份其他柑橘种质为试验材料,利用SRAP分子标记进行分析,并用UPGMA法进行聚类。结果表明:160对引物组合筛选出20对引物组合扩增条带清晰,11份种质材料两两之间遗传相似系数在0.322 1~0.931 6之间。沙糖橘和金葵蜜橘间的遗传相似系数最大,为0.931 6;姑婆山野生元橘和宫川间的遗传相似系数最小,为0.322 1。聚类结果显示,在相似系数为0.861 9时,早熟沙糖橘、沙糖橘、金葵蜜橘、灯笼沙糖橘、八月橘聚为一组,在0.810 8时与红皮酸橘聚为一组,继而再与别的柑橘品种聚为一组。金葵蜜橘与沙糖橘间不同引物扩增的电泳条带存在特异性,证实了金葵蜜橘是沙糖橘的芽变品种。灯笼沙糖橘是沙糖橘变异新类型,二者间遗传相似系数为0.921 1,不同引物扩增结果存在特异性条带,证实了灯笼沙糖橘是沙糖橘的芽变新类型,可以登记为新品种;根据遗传相似系数、聚类分析、不同引物扩增产物的电泳结果推测沙糖蜜柑是沙糖橘和温州蜜柑的自然杂交后代,可以登记为新品种;姑婆山野生元橘与其它柑橘材料亲缘关系较远,也佐证了姑婆山野生元橘比道县野橘更为原始,是一个独特的、原始的宽皮柑橘类型;在7份沙糖橘材料及4份其它柑橘材料中,沙糖橘与红皮酸橘亲缘关系最近,二者在遗传相似系数0.822 5处聚为一类,由此推测沙糖橘有可能由红皮酸橘进化而来。目前关于沙糖橘遗传多样性方面的研究较少,本研究结果可为沙糖橘的遗传多样性以及不同沙糖橘品种的来源和亲缘关系研究提供理论依据。     

Development of a sensitive and reliable droplet digital PCR assay for the detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'

Citrus Huanglongbing(HLB, yellow shoot disease) is one of the most serious citrus diseases worldwide. To better improve the detection sensitivity, a droplet digital PCR(ddPCR) assay was developed for the rapid detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus'(Las), the putative causal agent of HLB. The detection of sensitivity comparison using positive plasmid indicated that dd PCR was superior to quantitative PCR(qPCR) for detecting and quantifying Las at low concentrations. The Las detection of 40 field samples also showed that six of 13 asymptomatic samples(46.15%) with high Ct value(35) were positive by dd PCR. This methodology showed great potential for early HLB infection diagnosis.     

外源硅酸钠对砂糖橘抗寒性的影响

以一年生砂糖橘(Citrus reticulata Blanco cv.Shatangju)为材料,以喷施去离子水为对照,比较了喷施0.1、1.0、10.0、20.0 mmol/L不同浓度外源硅酸钠(Na2SiO3)溶液处理后,砂糖橘叶片在4℃低温条件下的生理变化.结果表明,与对照相比,在4℃低温胁迫下,NaZiO3预处理的砂糖橘叶片叶绿素含量增加,SOD、POD等抗氧化酶活性升高,相对电导率降低.说明外源Na2SiO3能提高砂糖橘的抗寒性,其中以0.1mmol/L的Na2SiO3溶剂处理的效果最好.     

桂橙一号在桂林的种植表现及栽培技术要点

对桂橙一号在桂林种植的物候期、生长结果特性、果实品质及抗性进行了观察研究。结果表明，该品种综合性状表现突出。并对其在当地的表现及栽培技术进行了介绍。     

柑桔黄斑落叶病病原菌鉴定

正柑桔(Citrus reticulata Blanco)是著名的热带、亚热带水果。位于我国南疆的广西,属于亚热带季风气候,是种植柑桔最适宜区或适宜区,柑桔也是广西一大优势水果产业,是广西出口东盟的主要农产品。柑桔黄斑落叶病是近年来在我国广西地区发生的一种新病害。该病害主要危害秋梢和春梢叶片,形成不规则黄斑,严重的可造成整个叶片脱